|
| home > faqs > eclipse |
Eclipse® Prosthetic Resin System Q & As
What is it? (link not working on old site)
Properties
Q. How does the stain resistance of Eclipse compare to
Lucitone 199?
A. The Eclipse chemistry is inherently resistant to common staining
chromophores that are consumed during eating and drinking. Good stain resistance was demonstrated with
two common staining agents, coffee and mustard, in an accelerated in-vitro stain test.
Two important factors:
Air Barrier Coating (ABC) must be used to prevent air inhibition, which causes staining.
It is important to achieve a smooth surface when polishing the denture since rough, unpolished areas
did show slight stain.
Eclipse provides acceptable in-vitro stain resistance to both coffee and mustard when properly polished.
In-vitro mustard stain resistance is similar to L199. Dentures, repairs and relines and fracture repair
all show acceptable stain resistance.
Q. Is there any micro leakage between the Eclipse material and the
teeth (similar to porcelain teeth and acrylic)?
A. Based on the results from our multi-site clinical study, there has
been no evidence of leakage or staining.
Q. Is Eclipse color stable?
A. Eclipse has undergone rigorous testing including the standard
ADA testing for color stability. In addition, no significant color changes have been noted from the
clinical study.
Unlike other monomer-free materials that are known to have color stability concerns, Eclipse has excellent
color stability.
Q. Does this material attract bacteria, more or less than conventional
materials?
A. Bacterial growth in prosthedontic materials is generally due to the
sorption of water. Eclipse passes the ADA specification for water sorption and no significant bacterial or
candida growth has been observed in the clinical study.
Q. How does disinfectant affect material?
A. The following disinfectants have been used sucessfullly with the
cured and uncured Eclipse resins:
Glutaraldehyde-based disinfectants
Quaternary ammonium chlorides
Quaternary ammonium chlorides/isopropyl alcohol (low concentration)
Spray-based phenolics
Use of other disinfectant products may not be suitable with Eclipse. Avoid disinfectants containing iodine.
Q. Has Eclipse been tested on patients, and have there been any
sensitivity or allergic reactions?
A. Eclipse materials have been thoroughly tested and comply with FDA
requirements, ISO 10993 guidelines and International Standard ISO 7045. The toxicological / biocompatibility
test matrix includes cytotoxicity, genotoxicity (Ames), sensitization, irritation, and oral toxicity evaluations.
Q. What is the amount of shrinkage during processing of the Eclipse material?
A. Eclipse has about a 3% volumetric shrinkage while conventional
acrylics and Lucitone 199 are about 7%. This is why Eclipse is able to deliver on the claim, fit at
try-in equals fit at delivery.
Shrinkage is similar to Triad, and less than heat-cured acrylics. Shrinkage of the individual Eclipse
Resins comprising the devices approximately 50-70% less (Baseplate = 50% and Contour = 70%) than that
of heat-cured acrylic and on par with Triad Denture base.
Q. What's the bond look like between baseplate and contour/finishing resins?
A. Contour and Setup Resins bond to the baseplate by micro-mechanical
retention. The surface of the ground baseplate is irregular and the molten / liquified Contour and Set-up
Resins flow into and around the rough surface contours while setting teeth and contouring the denture.
When the Contour and Set-up Resins are cured, the resin is locked into place. This bond is the same as
for bonding of plastic teeth to acrylic denture resin. There is no actual chemical bond of Contour Resin
to the baseplate.
The key in obtaining the best lock of Contour Resin and Set-up Resin to the baseplate is a good melt
interface which is why the Directions For Use stress that the Set-up Resin surface must be melted prior
to placement on the baseplate.
Materials
Q. Which materials are available in clear?
A. The upper and lower baseplates are available in clear, perfect for
nightguards and occlusal splints.
Q. Can the clear material be used to fabricate a clear baseplate, or a
baseplate with a clear palate?
A. Yes, though we anticipate the clear material being used primarily
for nightguards and occlusal splints.
Q. Do the materials bond well together? Is there any problem with the
layering?
A. The Baseplate, Set-up and Contour Resins all bond well together.
Eclipse appliances may also be relined with various materials that you are accustomed to working with,
such as DENTSPLY Austenal PermaSoftÒ .
Q. How long can the Eclipse materials be stored?
A. Eclipse materials have a 2-year minimum shelf life.
Q. Can the Eclipse resins be over-cured?
A. The Eclipse Processing Unit is designed to provide the correct
amount of light and heat for the various procedures. Just press in the menu number for the application
your are processing and the processing unit will do the rest.
Q. Do you preheat material before handling?
A. The baseplate will become sticky if too warm, very short exposures
(2 minutes) in the 55° C oven are done by some technicians if they desire a softer resin for easier adaptation.
Q. Will Eclipseä material cure from heat alone?
A. No. Heat alone can not cure Eclipseä . Light is required, in addition
to heat, to polymerize the material.
Q. Can you boil the wax off the processed baseplate?
A. Yes. After the wax-rim appointment, the instructions call for using
hot water to remove wax from the processed baseplate, while it is still on the model. Scoop hot water over
the baseplate/model to remove all wax. Do not submerge the baseplate/model into boiling water to avoid warping.
Q. Can I save the unused material?
A. The Baseplate or Set-up Resin remaining from making an appliance can
go back into the package it came in, and then be stored in a light safe bag for future use and keep clean.
The Baseplate Resin must be placed on a level surface or the shape will distort due to its "cold flow"
properties. Any unused contour resin in the melting pot must be cleaned out at the end of each day and discarded.
Q. What is the working time of the materials?
A. Eclipse materials are designed to be light polymerized in a processing
unit developed for this purpose. Accordingly, these materials are also sensitive to ambient light and have
a minimum "working time" of 60 minutes under typical room illumination. Exposure of Eclipse materials to
direct sunlight prior to processing must be avoided.
Q. How long can the baseplate material sit, once adapted to the cast,
before the "cold-flow" properties cause the materials to distort?
A. We recommend that the fabricated baseplate go into the processing
unit within 10 minutes of being adapted.
Q. Does this material dry out your hands?
A. No.
Q. Will I leave fingerprints on the materials?
A. The Baseplate Resin is the softest material and will show
fingerprints. However, lightly rubbing the surface will quickly smooth any imperfections. Further, the
baseplate surface will be roughened later before your begin setting teeth.
Q. If there are tiny air bubbles in the materials when I open the
package, should I be concerned?
A. Any air bubbles you may find in the packaging will not have any
effect on the performance of the Eclipse Resins. However, avoid air entrapment as much as possible. Bubbles
on the surface should be polished out so that the denture is esthetic and so that no stain occurs or
plaque attracts to an exposed "hole."
Q. How thick can the materials be fabricated? How thin?
A. In clinical situations requiring thick devices, the case should be
fabricated by building up the baseplate thickness rather than adding Set-up Resin. In these instances,
Eclipse baseplate thickness should be limited to 8 mm when using a single 10 minute cure. In clinical
situations requiring even more buildup of BPR, i.e., greater than 8 mm of thickness, the baseplate should
be fabricated in two steps requiring two 10 minute cures.
The limit of 8mm for baseplate is due to the fact that the resin is visible light cured and light
penetration decreases as the thickness of the device increases. Please call Trubyte Technical Services
for more details.
The minimum Eclipse device thickness should be equal to what is used for pour dentures and/or HyPro
dentures when clinical cases require small thickness dimension. This will be effective since Eclipse
mechanical properties exceed those of pour acrylics and conventional heat cure acrylics.
Bear in mind that thinner appliances, whether they are Eclipse or pour acrylic, will not be as long lived
as thicker appliances since the thin device will bend more under load (as the denture becomes less well
fitting due to changes in the mouth). That said, thin Eclipse appliances should last as long as thin pour
acrylic devices.
Q. How do I know if I have the correct thickness? How far should I
press the material out?
A. Press material so no thin areas are visible.
Q. How should we deal with severe undercuts on the master model after
processing?
A. To remove the master model from the processed baseplate that has
severe undercuts, it must be sectioned and destroyed.
Q. After baseplate fabrication, rather than "burring" the surface,
could the tech use a micro blaster, sand or otherwise, to rough up the surface?
A. No. Sand blasting will leave unwanted particles on the surface of
the baseplate. Shell blasting may result in the same issues.
Q. When you boil off the wax, does the appliance begin to cure?
A. At the wax-rim appointment, the baseplate is already cured. When
removing wax from the baseplate after the wax-rim appointment, we recommend that the baseplate remains
on the model and that you scoop hot water over the baseplate until all the wax is removed. Do not
submerge the baseplate in boiling water to avoid warping.
Q. A technician who had once worked in the automotive industry where
they cured Urethane resins containing Isocyanates. These types of Isocyanates are know as being bad for
your health.
A. Eclipse resins differ from what is used in the autobody industry.
Eclipse base resins, i.e., starting materials, are made with isocyanates however they are reacted
urethanes; Technicians, doctors or patients will never touch a concentrated isocyanate resin.
Toxicological tests have been done to show acceptable biocompatibility.
Teeth
Q. Can Eclipse be used with both acrylic and porcelain teeth?
A. Yes. You can choose acrylic or porcelain teeth for your cases.
However, since there is no chemical bond between the tooth material and the Eclipse materials, mechanical
retention is necessary.
Q. How are the teeth retained in the denture?
A. Acrylic teeth must have retention groves cut into them. Teeth will not
adhere to the material without mechanical retention.
Q. What about displacement of the teeth at try-in?
A. Eclipse is more stable than wax. Teeth will not move unless the dentist
warms the material in a warm water bath to adjust them, or the patient uses excessive biting force.
Q. Is there any staining at the gingival margin of the tooth,
similar to porcelain teeth?
A. A clinical study has not demonstrated any gingival staining.
Occlusal Appointment
Q. At the occlusal records appointment, do I need to do anything
special?
A. As with all dentures, the accuracy of the records is reflected in the
try-in and final dentures. As always, make sure to: Indicate the inter occlusal distance between the upper
and lower arch, the mid-line between the two maxillary centrals, and the width of the anterior six.
Q. If I want to plump or reduce the gingival areas at try-in, how
should this be done?
A. To plump, use silicone putty, such as DENTSPLY Caulk Reprosil, to add
volume to the gingival area. Do not use wax. To reduce, just carve material away, or instruct your
laboratory to do so.
Q. How do I take a bite registration with this material?
A. If you need to re-take the bite registration, use silicone based
material, such as DENTSPLY Caulk Regisil, and proceed as usual. Do not use wax.
Q. Can I take a wash impression if needed?
A. Yes. If necessary, take the wash impression at the occlusal
appointment, not at the try-in appointment. Any changes should be made as early in the process as possible.
Try-In
Q. Why is the try-in returned in a light-safe bag?
A. The material has a degree of light sensitivity. Having the appliance
in ambient light while you are working with your patient is not a problem. Otherwise, keep the appliance
in the light-safe bag.
Q. Is it possible to make in-office adjustments and move the
teeth at try-in?
A. Yes. If the teeth need minor adjustments, you can do this chairside
by preparing a water bath at 110ºF (43ºC). Then place the set-up into the water for approximately 30-45
seconds to warm the uncured denture base material and move the teeth. When moving the teeth, warm the
resin and push on the Contour Resin near the base of the tooth to move it into position. Do not push
directly on the tooth as a gap or void may be created that can impact tooth retention. The Chairside
Aid explains this, as well as the Clinical Procedures CD.
Q. If the occlusion is not acceptable at try-in can the teeth
be removed for a new bite registration?
A. Yes. Use a silicone material, such as DENTSPLY Caulk Regisil, to
make a new bite registration. Do not use wax.
Q. Can I reposition the midline chairside?
A. If moving the teeth more than 1mm, send the case back to your dental
laboratory for a reset.
Q. What disinfectants can be used with Eclipse?
A. Uncured Eclipse dentures are sensitive to, and are softened by, some
types of disinfectants.
Cured Eclipse dentures are resistant to common disinfectants thus a broad range of materials can be
used on the finished device including phenolics, quaternary ammonium chlorides, and glutaraldehye-based
disinfectants. Thus a dentist or lab technician does not need to be concerned about disinfection of a
finished denture whose origin is unknown. [Note: One caveat is iodine-containing disinfectants; these may
stain Eclipse (and probably acrylics too) and are not recommended.]
The specific disinfectants that we have tested and found to work well on UNCURED Eclipse dentures are:
ProSpray
Cavicide
Banicide
The specific disinfectants that we tested and found to work well on CURED Eclipse dentures are:
ProSpray
Cavicide
Banicide
Prophene Plus
Birex se
Q. What about displacement of the teeth at try-in?
A. Eclipse is more stable than wax. Teeth will not move unless the
clinical professional warms the material in a warm water bath to adjust them, or the patient uses
excessive biting force.
Q. Why not deliver the case with a conventional wax-up, get
DDS approval and "jump" the teeth with a matrix, and process in lab?
A. Conventional dental wax can be used to set teeth in combination with
an Eclipse processed baseplate to make a try-in denture. Directions for this procedure are found in the
Directions For Use, page 6., first column, III. OPTIONAL METHODS FOR FULL AND PARTIAL DENTURES.
Relines and Repairs
Q. Since Eclipse is monomer-free*, can relines and repairs be
done on the Eclipse dentures? Other monomer-free* materials, such as those used in flexible resin systems,
do not reline and repair well.
A. Yes. Eclipse can be relined and repaired just like conventional
denture materials.
Q. Can I reline in-office?
A. Your Eclipse dentures can be relined in either the office or at
the laboratory. Relines can be done with quick curing materials, such as DENTSPLY Austenal PermaSoft reline
material, as well as Lucitone 199 Denture Base Material.
Q. Can I use Eclipse to repair/reline conventional dentures?
A. Eclipse materials can only be used to reline and repair Eclipse
appliances. Though other materials may be used to reline or repair an Eclipse denture, the temperature
required to cure Eclipse materials is too high for conventional materials. The conventional materials may warp.
Q. Will Eclipse dentures accept soft liners?
A. Cases that have been done have been satisfactory using DENTSPLY
Trubyte Luci-SofÒ silicone soft liners, and DENTSPLY Austenal PermaSoft.
Q. Does Eclipseä need a bonding agent for repairs and relines?
A. No, not when using Eclipse resins or conventional methylmethacrylate
materials.
Q. Are Eclipse repairs strong? Other monomer-free* materials have
proven to break easily in the same location once they are repaired?
A. Yes, Eclipse repairs are strong. Through extensive laboratory testing
we have found that Eclipse repairs fail across, and not along, the interface which is a key indication of a
durable repair. If an Eclipse denture is broken a second time, the fracture typically does not occur at the
repair site, another indication of a robust repair.
Clinical Professional
Q. Is it possible to make in-office adjustments and move the
teeth at try-in?
A. Yes. If the teeth need minor adjustments, the dentist can accomplish
this chair-side by preparing a water bath at 110ºF (43ºC). Then place the set-up into the water for
approximately 30-45 seconds to warm the uncured denture base material and move the teeth. When moving the
teeth, warm the resin and push on the Contour Resin near the base of the tooth to move it into position.
Do not push directly on the tooth. The DDS Chair-side aid explains this, as well as the instructional CD
or video supplied to the DDS.
Q. How would Clinical Professional reposition the midline chairside?
A. If moving the teeth more than 1mm, send the case back to the lab for a reset.
Q. Is there an educational component for the Clinical Professional?
A. Yes. There are a few small differences between working with an Eclipse
denture made from light cure resin, and traditional materials. A CD or video is available to the dentist to
explain the system to them, as well as a chair-side aid and a Q&A sheet.
Q. What is the recommended procedure/material requirement for a
Clinical Professional to do a chairside reline?
A. The Clinical Professional would do a chair-side reline in the same
way they have always done a chair-side reline.
Q. Many Clinical Professionals ask us to hydrate the appliance
for 72 hours prior to delivery; will the appliance absorb water?
A. Similar to acrylics, the appliance will absorb small amounts of water.
Eclipseä materials meet the ADA specifications for water sorption.
Q. How do you take a bite registration with this material?
A. If you need to re-take the bite registration, use silicone based
material, such as DENTSPLY Caulk Regisil,Ò and proceed as usual.
Q. What about displacement of the teeth at try-in?
A. Eclipse is more stable than wax. Teeth will not move unless the
dentist warms the material in a warm water bath to adjust them, or the patient uses excessive biting force.
Q. If the Clinician pours their own models, do they need to do
anything special?
A. If you pour your own models and send them to the laboratory, you
just need to make sure that the land areas are no greater than 1mm above the depth of the sulcus to allow
light penetration for complete curing of the border areas. Carve the post -dam in the master model if not
included in the impression.
Q. Can the Clinical Professional take a wash impression if needed?
A. Yes. If necessary, take the wash impression at the occlusal
appointment, not at the try-in appointment. Any changes should be made as early in the process as possible.
Q. At the occlusal records appointment, does the Clinical
Professional need to do anything special?
A. As with all dentures, the accuracy of the records is reflected in
the try-in and final dentures. As always, make sure to: Indicate the inter occlusal distance between the
upper and lower arch, the mid-line between the two maxillary centrals, and the width of the anterior six.
Q. Why is the try-in returned in a light safe bag?
A. The material has a degree of light sensitivity. Having the appliance
in the light while you are working with your patient is not a problem. We suggest you keep the appliance in
the light safe bag when you are not working on it.
Q. If the Clinical Professional wants to plump or reduce the
gingival areas at try-in, how should this be done?
A. To plump, use Silicone Putty, such as DENTSPLY Caulk ReprosilÒ to add
volume to the gingival area. Do not use wax. To reduce, just carve material away, or instruct your
laboratory to do so.
Q. If the occlusion is not acceptable at try-in can the teeth be
removed for a new bite registration?
A. Yes. Use a silicone material such as DENTSPLY Caulk RegisilÒ to make
a new bite registration. Do not use wax.
Q. Can the Clinical Professional still adjust the teeth?
A. Of course! Dip the area you want to adjust the teeth into a warm
water bath at 110°F (43°C) to soften the resin. Then adjust the teeth as necessary. When moving the teeth,
warm the resin and push on the Contour Resin near the base of the tooth to move it into position. Be
careful not to create air voids under teeth that may impact tooth retention.
Q. Can Clinical Professionals reline Eclipse dentures? In-office?
A. Eclipse dentures can be relined in either the office or at the
laboratory. Relines can be done with quick curing materials, as well as Lucitone 199.
Q. What disinfectants can be used with Eclipse?
A. Uncured Eclipse dentures are sensitive to, and are softened by,
some types of disinfectants.
Cured Eclipse dentures are resistant to common disinfectants thus a broad range of materials can be
used on the finished device including phenolics, quaternary ammonium chlorides, and glutaraldehye-based
disinfectants. Thus a dentist or lab technician does not need to be concerned about disinfection of a
finished denture whose origin is unknown. [Note: One caveat is iodine-containing disinfectants; these may
stain Eclipse (and probably acrylics too) and are not recommended.]
The specific disinfectants that we have tested and found to work well on UNCURED Eclipse dentures are:
ProSpray
Cavicide
Banicide
The specific disinfectants that we tested and found to work well on CURED Eclipse dentures are:
ProSpray
Cavicide
Banicide
Prophene Plus
Birex se
Q. How are the teeth retained to the denture?
A. Mechanical retention is required to retain teeth in the denture.
Equipment
Q. Do the processing units need to be routinely calibrated?
A. No. The Eclipse Processing Unit is checked before it is sent and
does not require further calibration.
Q. Can the Triad Processing Unit be used instead of the Eclipse
Processing Unit?
A. No. The Eclipse Processing Unit was designed specifically with the
light and heat requirements needed for the Eclipse resin materials. Eclipse runs much hotter that Triad,
since it uses six lamps. The two processing units are not similar and are not interchangeable.
The Triad Processing Unit only gets to a temperature of 168 F. The Eclipse Processing Unit attains a
temperature of 265 F. A denture processed in a Triad Processing Unit will not cure properly, even though
it may appear cured when you take it out of the unit. A Triad cured Eclipseä denture will not have the
strength required of a denture.
Q. Can light bulbs from the Triad Units be used in the Eclipse
Processing Unit?
A. The lamps used in the Triad I & II are identical to the laps used
in the Eclipseä Processing Unit. Do NOT use the same lamps as in the Triad 2000. The Triad 2000 lamps will
not work in the Eclipse Processing Unit and will trigger an error message to appear on the screen
indicating that the bulbs must be replaced.
Q. How long do the lamps last?
A. Lamps average 135 hours.
Q. Are there different times and temperatures for different appliances?
A. Yes. The Processing Unit is programmed with various menus to cover
the different processing times for the different procedures. The Directions for Use, and the menu screen
on the Eclipse Processing Unit will help you select the correct program for your application.
Q. Is there heat involved in the process?
A. Yes. The light triggers the polymerization process, but both light
and heat are needed to cure the appliances correctly.
Q. Do you need to cure the tissue side of all appliances?
A. No. Tissue side curing is only required for relines and repairs.
Q. Does the DENTSPLY Melting Pot need to be regulated?
A. The temperature required to melt the resin is 87° C or 189° F. The
technician can adjust the temperature slightly to alter the handling of the resin. However, the temperature
should not reduced to the point that the Contour Resin becomes thick or viscous, otherwise air will become
entrapped and/or white areas may appear after processing.
General
Q. Can Eclipse materials be characterized?
A. Yes. You may mix the different shades of Contour Resin to achieve
the desired esthetics (lighter or darker shading) in the finished denture. Because Eclipse Resins are easy
to handle, the various colors can be applied exactly where you desire.
Q. Different colors are required for orthodontic applications.
When will you have more shades?
A. We do not have any immediate plans to develop orthodontic shades.
Q. Can Triad Air Barrier Coating and Model Release Agent be used
with the Eclipse System?
A. There are only three materials that can be used for both the Triad
and Eclipse systems: Air Barrier Coating, Model Release Agent and Sealing Gel. The similarities end there.
No other materials from one system can be used with the other system.
Q. Why do I have to be concerned about the cleanliness of the
area used for Eclipse?
A. All of the Eclipse materials, once processed, become part of the
final restoration that the patient will be wearing. Therefore, it is essential that the Eclipse materials
stay free of dirt and debris that could become incorporated into the material and, ultimately,
the finished product.
Q. Can the Eclipse System be used for the wax-up of implant bars)?
A. Not at the present time.
Q. When fabricating nightguards, is it Ok to apply separator
to the opposing articulated cast and "tap in" the occlusion?
A. Yes. This technique is included in the Directions for Use (DFU).
Q. How do you process dentures that need "clear palates"?
A. This technique is not shown in the Eclipse Directions for Use (DFU).
However, technicians report making a clear baseplate (unprocessed), then removing clear material from the
labial ridge and adding shaded Baseplate resin in its place. Careful attention must be made to integrate
the clear and shaded resins on the ridge.
Q. Can a wax solvent or acetate be used to clean wax off of a model?
A. Use only boiling water.
Q. If doing a "one-shot" denture, is it necessary to process
the baseplate separately?
A. This is not recommended and is not included in the Directions for Use (DFU).
Q. We use Steam cleaning at our lab; will the steam be an issue
on this material?
A. Steam cleaning is an excellent method for removing wax from the baseplate.
Q. How long do you have to warm the model before adapting the baseplate?
A. The models can take from 10 minutes on up. The amount of time it
takes depends on how many models you have in the oven at one time, and how frequently you open the oven
door, and how wet the models are. The model must get to 50 degrees C and then the baseplate materials will
flow well onto the model. Paper temperature indicators (reorder #905136) are provided in the introductory
kit, and sold separately, to help you know when the model is ready to adapt the material to it.
Q. Any problems using on patients with extremely thick cases?
Processing time affected?
A. See Eclipse Materials Section.
Q. What are the standard instruments needed with this material?
A. You can use the same "type" of instruments for carving and
setting teeth that you currently use. The difference is that the instruments you use for Eclipse need to
be dedicated and used only for Eclipse materials. Do not use your current instruments because they may
contaminate the Eclipse materials with wax.
Q. How do you apply Ruggae?
A. Ruggae is best formed using Contour resin and the Electric Spatula.
Q. How do you know you have an even palate?
A. If the pallet becomes too thin, it will start to become transparent
in the "thin" areas.
Q. Why isn't Eclipse Baseplate Resin packaged like Triad (in sheets)?
A. Eclipse Baseplate Resin has a "cold flow" property. This means the
material will slowly creep if not contained in an airtight package that is dimensionally stable. Because of
this, it is not possible to form and store Eclipse Baseplate Resin in sheets.
Q. How is material for carving around teeth?
A. The Contour Resin carves nicely when allowed to cool properly.
Q. Can I make nightguards with a soft occlusal surface with this
material?
A. At present, this has not been tested.
Q. Why is a finish line or shoulder required on the baseplate?
A. A finish line helps to create a butt joint with the Contour Resin
material. This is very important so that a "feathered edge" is not created. A feathered edge may be prone
to delamination.
* Eclipse contains no methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl methacrylate monomers.
|
|
